Brief summary of the report on “Intellectual property rights intensive industries: contribution to economic performance and employment in the European Union” published September 2013 by Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM).
On 30th September European commission has published first ever European Union wide study on the impact of IPR on the European economy in the term of GDP, Employment, Wages and Trade. The key findings of the report are:
1. 40% of total economic activity in the EU (about 4.7 trillion Euros or 6.4 trillion US dollars annually) is generated by IPR-intensive industries.
2. 26% of all jobs (56 million) in the EU are generated by IPR‑intensive industries in 2008-2010 with the split as given below. This is referred as Direct employment in table 1:
2.1 21% by trade mark‑intensive industries
2.2 12% by design‑intensive
2.3 10% by patent‑intensive industries
2.4 Lesser in copyright‑intensive and GI‑intensive industries
3. 35% (1 in 3) of the jobs (direct and indirect) in Europe (76 million jobs) stems from industries that has a higher than average use of IP rights. This number will result if we add another 20 million jobs in the EU economy which are generated in non‑IPR intensive industries that supply goods and services to IPR intensive industries.
4. The average wages of IPR intensive industries is more than 40% higher that of other industries.
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Table 1. Direct and indirect contribution of IPR-intensive industries to employment (Source: EPO) |
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| IPR-intensive industries | Employment (Direct) |
Employment (Indirect) |
Share of total employment |
| Trade mark‑intensive | 45,508,046 | 17,600,397 | 63,108,443 |
| Design‑intensive | 26,657,617 | 12,121,817 | 38,779,434 |
| Patent‑intensive | 22,446,133 | 12,738,237 | 3,584,370 |
| Copyright‑intensive | 7,049,405 | 2,331,390 | 9,380,795 |
| GI‑intensive | N/A | N/A | 374,345 |
| All IPR intensive | 56,493,661 | 20,109,003 | 2,019,003 |
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Table 2. Contribution of IPR-intensive industries to GDP |
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| IPR-intensive industries | Value Added (GDP) (€ million) |
Share of total EU GDP |
| Trade mark‑intensive | 4,163,527 | 33.90% |
| Design‑intensive | 1,569,565 | 12.80% |
| Patent‑intensive | 1,704,485 | 13.90% |
| Copyright‑intensive | 509,859 | 4.20% |
| GI‑intensive | 16,134 | 0.10% |
| All IPR intensive | 4,735,262 | 38.60% |
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Table 3. The 20 most patent-intensive industries (Source: EPO) |
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Rank |
Patents |
Trademarks |
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#1 |
Manufacture of power‑driven hand tools |
Leasing of intellectual property and similar products, except copyrighted works |
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#2 |
Leasing of intellectual property and similar products, except copyrighted works |
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products |
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#3 |
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products |
Manufacture of wine from grape |
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#4 |
Manufacture of other chemical products |
Research and experimental development on biotechnology |
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#5 |
Research and experimental development on biotechnology |
Manufacture of perfumes and toilet preparations |
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#6 |
Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment |
Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment |
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#7 |
Manufacture of instruments and appliances for measuring, testing and navigation |
Manufacture of other transport equipment |
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#8 |
Manufacture of electric domestic appliances |
Manufacture of games and toys |
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#9 |
Manufacture of machinery for metallurgy |
Manufacture of sports goods |
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#10 |
Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment |
Other telecommunications activities |
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#11 |
Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production |
Publishing of computer games |
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#12 |
Other research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering |
Distilling, rectifying and blending of spirits |
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#13 |
Other non‑ferrous metal production |
Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities |
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#14 |
Manufacture of communication equipment |
Web portals |
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#15 |
Manufacture of electronic components |
Manufacture of wallpaper |
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#16 |
Extraction of natural gas |
Other non‑ferrous metal production |
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#17 |
Manufacture of other transport equipment |
Other manufacturing |
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#18 |
Manufacture of industrial gases |
Manufacture of macaroni, noodles, couscous and similar farinaceous products |
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#19 |
Manufacture of machinery for paper and paperboard production |
Printing of newspapers |
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#20 |
Manufacture of military fighting vehicles |
Sound recording and music publishing activities |
Michel Barnier, Internal Market and Services Commissioner said: “I am convinced that intellectual property rights play a hugely important role in stimulating innovation and creativity, and I welcome the publication of this study. It will help us to further underpin our evidence-based policy making. What this study shows us is that the use of intellectual property rights in the economy is ubiquitous: from high-tech industries to manufacturers of sports goods, games, toys and computer games, all are making intensive use of not just one, but often several types of IP rights.”
Click here to download complete report from EPO.
